Fruit trees are often budded or grafted on to a rootstock. The rootstock controls the size of the mature tree in later years. The variety ensures the characteristics of the fruit. Other uses of grafting include damage repair and working extra varieties on to the same tree. A tree with more than one variety of apple is called a family tree or a fruit cocktail tree. ( It is not limited to apples, other fruit can be successfully grafted too, as can most plants. As long as the donor and recipient are of same genus you have a good chance of success) Multiple varieties on one tree can 1 extend the fruiting season and give fruit for different purposes. 2 save space and watering requirements, 3 ensure good pollination. (4 overcome compatibility issues between stock and variety) The process of grafting over a tree can be done in early spring, using scions about 6 inches long. It can also be done in late July and throughout August by a process called budding. Budding is a form of grafting. Budding uses less material and there is less wound to heal after. Budding can also be used for frameworking a tree to produce better placed limbs, also for furnishing bare stretches of branch with viable wood. (Note, budding works better on younger growth which is smaller and carries less sap.) This animation shows the process of adding buds from different varieties of apple, to make a family tree. Note, it is better to add buds to the underside of young branches, it stops breakage later. When ...
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